B617th

Absolutism; Fronde: (1648-1653) The Fronde were the civil wars from 1648-1653 due to revolt against Cardinal Jules Mazarin’s continuation of Cardinal Richelieu’s centralizing policies. The conflicts of the Fronde had 3 significant effects on the future: 1) It became apparent that the government would have to compromise with the bureaucrats and social elites that controlled local intuitions & constituted the state bureaucracy. 2) The French economy was badly disrupted and would take years to rebuild. 3) They traumatized young Louis XIV by storming into the king’s quarters to make sure he was actually there—humiliations which he never forgot and strongly detested the Fronde for it. McKay, John P, et al. __A History of Western Societies__. Boston, Massachutes. Houghton Mifflin Company, 2003